Acephalopodis any member of themolluscanclassCephalopoda(GreekpluralΚεφαλόποδα(kephalópoda); "head-feet"). These exclusively marine animals are characterized bybilateral body symmetry, a prominent head, and a set ofarmsortentacles(muscular hydrostats) modified from the primitive molluscan foot. Fishermen sometimes call theminkfish, referring to their common ability to squirtink. The study of cephalopods is a branch ofmalacologyknown asteuthology.
Cephalopods became dominant during theOrdovicianperiod, represented by primitivenautiloids. The class now contains two, only distantly related,extantsubclasses:Coleoidea, which includesoctopuses,squid, andcuttlefish; andNautiloidea, represented byNautilusandAllonautilus. In the Coleoidea, the molluscan shell has been internalized or is absent, whereas in the Nautiloidea, the external shell remains. About 800 livingspeciesof cephalopods have been identified. Two important extincttaxaare theAmmonoidea(ammonites) andBelemnoidea(belemnites).